基于FA和U-TRIZ的小型整秆式甘蔗收割机设计
摘 要：为解决现有整秆式甘蔗收割机收割效率低、使用不配套和对丘陵地区小块甘蔗种植地适应性差等问题，文章提出了基于功能分析法（FA）和统一发明问题解决理论（U-TRIZ）相结合的设计思路。首先分解小型整秆式甘蔗收割机的功能和结构，通过功能元形态学矩阵列举功能元所有解；其次利用U-TRIZ 理论中的“物质－属性－功能－因果”（SAFC）模型分析现有矛盾，并运用发明原理解决，从客观角度进行评价分析；最后筛选出满足现实需求的解决方案，完成收割机的创新设计。FA与U-TRIZ的集成应用能减少人为主观因素在设计过程中的影响，为小型整秆式甘蔗收割机的设计提供了一条有效途径。
关键词：工业设计；农机设计；整秆式甘蔗收割机；功能分析法；U-TRIZ
中图分类号：TB472 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-7053(2025)10-0139-04
Abstract：To solve the problems of low harvesting efficiency, incompatible use, and poor adaptability to small sugarcane plantations in hilly areas of existing whole stem sugarcane harvesters, this article proposes a design concept based on the combination of functional analysis (FA) and unified invention problem solving theory (U-TRIZ). Firstly, decompose the function and structure of the small-scale whole stem sugarcane harvester, and list all solutions of the functional elements through the functional element morphology matrix; Secondly, using the "Material Attribute Function Causal" (SAFC) model in U-TRIZ theory to analyze existing contradictions, and applying the principle of invention to solve them, objectively evaluate and analyze them; Finally, select solutions that meet practical needs and complete the innovative design of the harvester. The integrated application of FA and U-TRIZ can reduce the influence of subjective human factors in the design process, providing an effective approach for the design of small-scale whole stem sugarcane harvesters.
Key Words：Industrial Design; Agricultural Machinery Design; Whole Stalk Sugarcane Harvester; Functional Analysis; U-TRIZ
