东北地区林下作物智能采摘系统设计研究
摘 要：针对东北地区林下作物采摘水平较低、环境复杂等问题，研究结合林间环境及林下作物的相关特点，设计了符合林间作业的智能采摘系统。同时，对常见林下作物的特点进行分析，阐述了其独特的采摘特性，并以此为基础开展智能采摘系统研究。在系统的设计过程中，有效分析了系统的服务对象、设计思路，采用模块化设计理念，整合底盘与移动系统、机械臂与末端采摘器、观察感知模块等组件完成了设计，对控制平台与移动应用及专项优化在工业设计领域的应用也进行了研究，提出了可采用的对策，以期为林下农业智能化采摘设备的研发与落地应用提供设计参考与技术支撑，助力东北地区林下经济智能化、规模化及高质量发展。
关键词：工业设计；林下作物；智能采摘系统；模块化设计
中图分类号：S225.93；TP242 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-7053(2026)08-0144-04
Abstract：In response to the low picking efficiency of forest-floor crops in the northeastern region and the complex environment, combined with the characteristics of the forest environment and forest-floor crops, an intelligent picking system suitable for forest operations was designed. By analyzing the characteristics of common forest-floor crops, their unique picking features were expounded, and the research on the intelligent picking system was carried out based on this. During the design process of the system, the service objects and design ideas of the system were effectively analyzed. A modular design concept was adopted, and components such as the chassis and mobile system, the mechanical arm and the end picking device, and the observation and perception module were integrated to complete the design. The application of control platforms, mobile applications, and specialized optimizations in industrial design was also studied, and applicable countermeasures were proposed, with the aim of providing design references and technical support for the research and implementation of intelligent picking equipment for forest agriculture in the northeastern region, and facilitating the intelligent, large-scale, and high-quality development of forest-based economy in the region.
Key Words：Industrial Design; Understory Crops; Intelligent Harvesting System; Modular Design
